The DNA of Moderation: Reactualizing the Quranic Vision of an Inclusive Society Based on the Dialectics of the Medina Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51468/jpi.v8i2.1315Keywords:
Moderation NA, Genotype-Phenotype, Q.S. Al-Mumtahanah (60): 8, Charter of MedinaAbstract
Amidst rising polarization, the Religious Moderation (Moderasi Beragama) agenda in Indonesia often faces legitimacy challenges, being perceived as a political project lacking a solid theological foundation in the Qur'an. This article aims to address this challenge by reconstructing a Qur'anic theology of an inclusive society, presenting it not as a utopian vision but as a realistic and dialectical model. Using the mawḍū‘ī (thematic) tafsir method within a metaphorical Genotype-Phenotype analytical framework, this study distinguishes between universal principles (genotype) and their contextual manifestations (phenotype), employed as an analytical analogy, not biological determinism. Findings indicate that: (a) the theological genotype of moderation, such as al-'adl (justice) and al-mīthāq (covenant), remains robust even when confronted with difficult texts regarding al-walā’ wa al-barā’; (b) the Medina Phenotype was dialectical, critically balancing the radical inclusivity of the Charter of Medina against strict community boundary defense mechanisms; (c) A hermeneutical bridge via maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah is constructed as a critical tool, not mere justification, to re-actualize this genotype. This article offers a theological foundation for moderation that is non-apologetic, realistic, and contextually relevant for the Indonesian nation-state.
References
Ali, M. "Asbab Wurud Al-Hadits." Tahdis 6, no. 2 (2015): 83–97. https://doi.org/10.24252/tahdis.v6i1.7143.
Ali-Fauzi, Ihsan, dkk. Menakar Moderasi Beragama: Pembacaan Kritis atas Konsep dan Kebijakan Moderasi Beragama Kemenag. Jakarta: PUSAD Paramadina & Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2023.
Auda, Jasser. Maqasid Al-Shariah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach. London: The International Institute of Islamic Thought, 2008.
Azizah, Khaulan. "Analysis of Amina Wadud's Hermeneutic Weaknesses Through Wasatiyyah Yusuf Qardhawi's Perspective." Islamuna: Jurnal Studi Islam 10, no. 2 (2023): 103–119.
Basri, Hasan. "Mitigasi Intoleransi Melalui Pendidikan Islam Inklusif Perspektif Al-Qur'an." Disertasi Doktor, Universitas PTIQ Jakarta, 2023.
Dewi, Okta Selvia. "Teologi Kepemimpinan dalam Surat Al-Maidah 5." AL-KAINAH: Journal Islamic Studies 1, no. 1 (2022): 55–72. https://doi.org/10.69698/jis.v1i1.6.
Hamid, Saiful Rijal. "Konsep Auliya' dalam Surat Al-Maidah Ayat 51 dan 57 Perspektif Mufassir Indonesia." Tesis Magister, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 2017.
Herdiansyah. "Al Muwafaqat Karya Masterpiece Imam Asy-Syatibi (W: 790 H/1388 M): Kajian Historis, dan Kandungan Isi Kitab." Tasamuh 13, no. 2 (2021): 275–282.
Hisyam, Ibn. Al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyyah. Diterjemahkan oleh Team Cordoba. Solo: Qisthi Press, 2017.
Izutsu, Toshihiko. Ethico-Religious Concepts in the Qur'an. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1966.
Kasdi, Abdurrahman. "Wasathiyyah Islam as the Road to Moderatism in Indonesia." Al Albab 8, no. 2 (2019): 179–192. https://doi.org/10.24260/alalbab.v8i2.1356.
Kementerian Agama RI. Buku Saku Moderasi Beragama. Jakarta: Kementerian Agama RI, t.t.
———. Moderasi Beragama. Jakarta: Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI, 2019.
Manullang, Hotman Benyamin. "Analisis Kritis Terhadap Moderasi Beragama dalam Upaya Pengembangan Perdamaian dalam Konteks Kemajemukan Agama." Aradha 5, no. 1 (2025): 16–28.
al-Mubarakpuri, Safi al-Rahman. Ar-Raḥīq al-Makhtūm. Riyadh: Darussalam Publishers, 2002.
Mubarok, Zidan Fathoni. "Penafsiran Al-Qur'an Surat Al-Maidah Ayat 51 (Studi Komparasi Penafsiran Buya Hamka dan Sayyid Quthb)." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa (2021).
Muwaffiqillah, Muhammad. "Konsep Reaktualisasi Hukum Islam Munawir Sjadzali dan Relevansinya dengan RUU Keadilan dan Kesetaraan Gender." Tesis Magister, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 2019.
Nuraini. "Islam dan Ideologi Negara dalam Tinjauan: Relevansi Pemikiran Ahmad Syafii Maarif dalam Konteks Indonesia Dewasa Ini." Maarif 18, no. 1 (2023): 101–114. https://doi.org/10.47651/mrf.v18i1.213.
Rahman, Fazlur. Islam and Modernity: Transformation of an Intellectual Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Rodinson, Maxime. Muhammad. Diterjemahkan oleh Anne Carter. New York: Pantheon Books, 1980.
Siddiq, Achmad. "Academic Approach for Religious Radicalism." Al Albab 8, no. 2 (2019): 163–178. https://doi.org/10.24260/alalbab.v8i2.1276.
Syahril, Syahril. "Munawir Syadzali (Sejarah Pemikiran dan Kontribusinya bagi Perkembangan Pemikiran Islam Indonesia Kontemporer)." Analisis 11, no. 2 (2011): 219–240.
al-Syatibi, Ibrahim. Al-Muwafaqat fi Usul al-Shari'ah. Juz 1. t.t.: t.p., t.t.
al-Thabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad bin Jarir. Tafsir ath-Thabari: Jāmi' al-Bayān 'an Ta'wĭl Ayi al-Qur'ān. Diterjemahkan oleh Tim Penerjemah. Jilid 8 & 24. Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2018.
Tim Penerjemah. Al-Qur'an dan Terjemahannya Edisi Penyempurnaan 2019. Jakarta: LPMQ, 2019.
Watt, W. Montgomery. Muhammad at Medina. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956.
