The Implementation of Problem-Solving-Based Fiqh Learning in Developing Critical Thinking Skills of Students at Vocational High School Annuraniyah Sulang
Keywords:
Fiqh, problem-solving, critical thinking, Islamic educationAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pembelajaran Fiqh berbasis pemecahan masalah dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa di SMK Annuraniyah (SMK Annuraniyah) Sulang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang melibatkan guru Fiqh, siswa, dan administrator sekolah. Analisis data dilakukan melalui kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, didukung oleh triangulasi sumber dan teknik untuk memastikan validitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran Fiqh berbasis pemecahan masalah diimplementasikan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu penyajian masalah kontekstual, identifikasi masalah, pencarian informasi dan bukti hukum ( dalil ), analisis solusi alternatif, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan empiris menunjukkan bahwa siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam menyampaikan pendapat, mampu menganalisis isu-isu terkait Fiqh berdasarkan sumber hukum Islam, membandingkan berbagai sudut pandang, dan memberikan argumen yang lebih logis selama diskusi di kelas. Pendekatan pembelajaran ini juga memungkinkan siswa untuk menghubungkan konsep Fiqh dengan isu-isu kehidupan nyata yang mereka temui dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Faktor pendukung implementasi meliputi kompetensi guru, ketersediaan sumber belajar, dan budaya sekolah yang mendorong diskusi. Sementara itu, tantangan yang dihadapi adalah perbedaan kemampuan siswa dan keterbatasan waktu pembelajaran. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran Fiqih berbasis pemecahan masalah efektif dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekaligus memperkuat pemahaman dan penalaran mereka tentang hukum Islam.
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